In qualitative research, the sample size is typically?

• A. Small Number Of Subjects
• B. Large, Random Sample
• C. Large, Representative Sample
• D. Randomized Sample

Answer: (A)

Qualitative research aims to understand meanings, experiences, and contexts in depth rather than quantify how often something occurs. To achieve this depth, researchers typically work with a small number of information-rich participants who are selected purposefully for their ability to illuminate the phenomenon under study. The extensive, nuanced data from interviews, observations, or focus groups require careful, time-consuming analysis, so a smaller sample allows for thorough exploration. Researchers often continue sampling until saturation is reached, meaning additional interviews aren’t yielding new themes or insights. This emphasis on depth and contextual understanding is why a small sample is the norm, rather than large random or representative samples typical of quantitative studies.