In the WHO model, impairment is described as?

• A. Loss or abnormality of psychological, physiological, or anatomical structure or function.
• B. Inability to perform activities.
• C. Environmental limitation.
• D. Social role restriction.

Answer: (A)

Impairment in the WHO framework means a loss or abnormality of body structure or function, whether anatomical, physiological, or psychological. This focuses on deviations from normal function of the body or mind. It’s different from activity limitations (difficulties in executing tasks) and participation restrictions (problems with involvement in life situations). Environmental or social factors can influence how impairment affects life, but they aren’t the impairment itself. So describing impairment as a loss or abnormality of structure or function best fits the model.