Simple random sampling means that which condition applies to population members?

• A. Unbiased; each member has an equal chance of being chosen
• B. Selection is based on convenience
• C. Group-based selection is used
• D. Sampling is systematic by order of entry

Answer: (A)

The key idea is that every member of the population has the same chance of being included in the sample. Simple random sampling uses a random process—like drawing numbers or using a random number generator—so no individual is favored, creating an unbiased sample. This contrasts with choosing people based on convenience, which biases the sample toward easy-to-reach individuals, or selecting whole groups first, which shifts the unit of selection away from individuals. Systematic by order of entry also introduces potential bias, because only those in specific positions in the order have a chance, rather than everyone equally. So the defining condition is equal likelihood for all members to be chosen.