When alpha is 0.05, which p-value indicates significance?

• A. 0.05
• B. 0.07
• C. 0.049
• D. 0.010

Answer: (C)

When testing hypotheses, the p-value tells you how likely your observed result would be if the null hypothesis were true. Significance is declared when that p-value falls below the preselected threshold, alpha. If alpha is 0.05, any p-value under 0.05 indicates significance.

The standout option is 0.049 because it is below 0.05, meeting the criterion for significance. The value exactly at 0.05 sits at the cutoff and, depending on convention, may be considered borderline; values above 0.05 are not significant. Note that in some contexts, any p-value less than or equal to 0.05 would be deemed significant, in which case 0.05 would also count.