Which of the following is an indication for superficial thermotherapy?

• A. Abnormal tone
• B. Acute infection
• C. Tendon rupture
• D. Fracture

Answer: (A)

Superficial thermotherapy helps to raise tissue temperature, which increases blood flow, reduces muscle guarding, and enhances tissue extensibility. When abnormal tone is present, warming the muscles can decrease reflexive muscle activity and spasm, making it easier to perform stretching and improve range of motion while also relieving pain that can reinforce guarded movements. This combination helps normalize tone enough to allow more effective therapeutic intervention.

Heat is not used when the issue is an acute infection or acute injury, such as a recent fracture or tendon rupture, because increasing tissue temperature can worsen inflammation, swelling, and tissue damage.