Which of the following is a contraindication to CPM use?

• A. Unwanted translation of opposing bones
• B. Normal pain levels
• C. Improved range of motion
• D. Reduced edema

Answer: (A)

CPM is used to move a joint through a gentle, continuous range of motion to protect tissue healing and reduce stiffness after injury or surgery. The crucial safety issue is joint stability during motion. If there is unwanted translation of opposing bones, the joint is not stable enough to handle active or passive movement. Forcing motion in this unstable situation could cause subluxation or dislocation, worsen ligaments or cartilage injury, and hinder healing. That instability makes it a contraindication to using a CPM device.

Normal pain levels, improved range of motion, and reduced edema aren’t contraindications; they suggest the joint can tolerate movement and that CPM may be beneficial or appropriate to continue.